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HJRES 37
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Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to provide that Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the number of persons in each State who are citizens of the United States.

Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to provide that Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the number of persons in each State who are citizens of the United States.

Introduced Feb 6, 2025

Latest action (Feb 6, 2025) Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Referred to
Judiciary Committee
Policy area
Congress
Issues
Voting & Elections
Legislative subjects (5)
Citizenship and naturalizationCongressional districts and representationConstitution and constitutional amendmentsHouse of RepresentativesPolitical representation

Summary

This joint resolution proposes a constitutional amendment that would change how U.S. House Representatives are apportioned among the states. Currently, apportionment is based on total population; this amendment would require apportionment to be based only on the number of citizens in each state. The amendment would need approval by a two-thirds vote in both the Senate and House, and then ratification by three-fourths of state legislatures within seven years to become part of the Constitution. If ratified, the change would likely shift representation away from states with larger non-citizen populations toward states with larger citizen populations.

AI-generated plain-language summary of the bill text — neutral, and may be imperfect. See the full text below for the exact wording.

Sponsor (1)
6 cosponsors

Actions (2)
  1. Feb 6, 2025 Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary. · house
  2. Feb 6, 2025 Introduced in House

More bills on these subjects (8)

Other bills that carry the most legislative subjects in common with this one (topical discovery — distinct from the procedural related bills above).

  • S 51 — Washington, D.C. Admission Act (shares 3 subjects)
  • HR 51 — Washington, D.C. Admission Act (shares 3 subjects)
  • HR 151 — Equal Representation Act of 2025 (shares 2 subjects)
  • S 1071 — National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026 (shares 2 subjects)
  • SJRES 48 — A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to limit the number of terms an individual may serve as a Member of Congress. (shares 2 subjects)
  • HRES 212 — Returning Senate Joint Resolution 3 to the Senate. (shares 2 subjects)
  • S 542 — English Language Unity Act of 2025 (shares 2 subjects)
  • SJRES 2 — A joint resolution proposing amendments to the Constitution of the United States relative to the line item veto, a limitation on the number of terms that a Member of Congress may serve, and requiring a vote of two-thirds of the membership of both Houses of Congress on any legislation raising or imposing new taxes or fees. (shares 2 subjects)

Similar bills (6)

Bills with similar text or summary — includes reintroductions across Congresses. Ranked by semantic similarity of the bill text (computed locally); a neutral discovery aid, not a claim the bills are duplicates.

  • HJRES 5 — Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to limit the number of terms an individual may serve as a Member of Congress. · Introduced Jan 3, 2025 · Cong. 119 72%
  • HJRES 31 — Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to prohibit persons who are not citizens, nationals, or lawful permanent residents of the United States from voting in elections. · Introduced Jan 31, 2025 · Cong. 119 71%
  • HJRES 99 — Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to provide that new States may be admitted to the United States upon a concurrence of two thirds of each house of Congress. · Introduced Jun 6, 2025 · Cong. 119 70%
  • HJRES 12 — Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to limit the number of terms that a Member of Congress may serve. · Introduced Jan 6, 2025 · Cong. 119 69%
  • SJRES 48 — A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to limit the number of terms an individual may serve as a Member of Congress. · Introduced Apr 10, 2025 · Cong. 119 69%
  • HJRES 94 — Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to limit the number of terms that a Member of Congress may serve. · Introduced Apr 29, 2025 · Cong. 119 69%

Text versions (1)
  • Introduced in House · Feb 6, 2025

Only one text version is on file, so there’s no earlier version to compare against yet.

Full text

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

February 6, 2025

Mr. Davidson (for himself, Mr. Higgins of Louisiana, Mr. Massie, Mr. Biggs of Arizona, Mr. Perry, Mr. Gosar, and Mr. Roy) submitted the following joint resolution; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary

JOINT RESOLUTION

Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to provide that Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the number of persons in each State who are citizens of the United States.

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled (two-thirds of each House concurring therein), That the following article is proposed as an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, which shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of the Constitution when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years after the date of its submission for ratification:

“Article—

“Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by counting the number of persons in each State who are citizens of the United States.”. <all>

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