SB 323 VA

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Became Law

Manufacture, importation, sale, transfer, or possession of plastic firearms and unfinished frames or receivers and unserialized firearms prohibited; penalties. Creates a Class 5 felony for any person who knowingly manufactures or assembles, imports, purchases, sells, transfers, or possesses any firearm that, after removal of all parts other than a major component, as defined in the bill, is not detectable as a firearm when subjected to inspection by the types of detection devices, including X-ray machines, commonly used at airports, government buildings, schools, correctional facilities, and other locations for security screening. The bill updates language regarding the types of detection devices that are used at such locations for detecting plastic firearms. Under current law, it is unlawful to manufacture, import, sell, transfer, or possess any plastic firearm and a violation is punishable as a Class 5 felony.The bill also creates a Class 1 misdemeanor, which is punishable as a Class 4 felony for a second or subsequent offense, for any person to knowingly possess a firearm or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver that is not imprinted with a valid serial number or to knowingly import, purchase, sell, offer for sale, or transfer ownership of any completed or unfinished frame or receiver, unless the completed or unfinished frame or receiver (i) is deemed to be a firearm pursuant to federal law and (ii) is imprinted with a valid serial number. The bill also creates a Class 1 misdemeanor, which is punishable as a Class 4 felony for a second or subsequent offense, for any person to manufacture or assemble, cause to be manufactured or assembled, import, purchase, sell, offer for sale, or transfer ownership of any firearm that is not imprinted with a valid serial number. The provisions of the bill prohibiting unfinished frames or receivers and unserialized firearms have a delayed effective date of January 1, 2027; however, the provisions of the bill prohibiting the knowing possession of a firearm or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver that is not imprinted with a valid serial number have a delayed effective date of July 1, 2027. This bill is identical to HB 40.

• Adam P. Ebbin · primary

1. Jan 13, 2026 Prefiled and ordered printed; Offered 01-14-2026 26100243D · upper
2. Jan 13, 2026 Referred to Committee for Courts of Justice · upper
3. Jan 20, 2026 Fiscal Impact statement From VCSC (1/20/2026 2:04 pm) · upper
4. Jan 20, 2026 Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB323) · upper
5. Jan 26, 2026 Reported from Courts of Justice and rereferred to Finance and Appropriations (9-Y 5-N) · upper
6. Feb 4, 2026 Reported from Finance and Appropriations (10-Y 5-N) · upper
7. Feb 5, 2026 Rules suspended · upper
8. Feb 5, 2026 Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 1st reading) (40-Y 0-N 0-A) · upper
9. Feb 5, 2026 Passed by for the day (Voice Vote) · upper
10. Feb 6, 2026 Read second time · upper
11. Feb 6, 2026 Engrossed by Senate (Voice Vote) · upper
12. Feb 9, 2026 Read third time and passed Senate (21-Y 19-N 0-A) · upper
13. Feb 12, 2026 Placed on Calendar · lower
14. Feb 12, 2026 Read first time · lower
15. Feb 12, 2026 Referred to Committee on Public Safety · lower
16. Feb 13, 2026 Reported from Public Safety with substitute (13-Y 7-N) · lower
17. Feb 13, 2026 Committee substitute printed 26108019D-H1 · lower
18. Feb 15, 2026 Read second time · lower
19. Feb 16, 2026 Read third time · lower
20. Feb 16, 2026 committee substitute agreed to · lower
21. Feb 16, 2026 Engrossed by House - committee substitute · lower
22. Feb 16, 2026 Passed House with substitute (62-Y 35-N 0-A) · lower
23. Feb 16, 2026 Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB323) · upper
24. Feb 17, 2026 Fiscal Impact statement From VCSC (2/17/2026 9:51 am) · upper
25. Feb 18, 2026 House substitute rejected by Senate · upper
26. Feb 19, 2026 House insisted on substitute · lower
27. Feb 19, 2026 House requested conference committee · lower
28. Feb 23, 2026 Senate acceded to request (35-Y 3-N 0-A) · upper
29. Feb 23, 2026 Conferees appointed by Senate · upper
30. Feb 23, 2026 Senate Conferees: Surovell, Jones, Obenshain · upper
31. Feb 24, 2026 Conferees appointed by House · lower
32. Feb 24, 2026 House Conferees: Simon, McPike, Phillips · lower
33. Mar 14, 2026 Conference Report released · legislature
34. Mar 14, 2026 Conference report agreed to by House (62-Y 35-N 0-A) · lower
35. Mar 14, 2026 Conference report agreed to by Senate (21-Y 18-N 0-A) · upper
36. Mar 30, 2026 Enrolled · upper
37. Mar 30, 2026 Bill text as passed Senate and House (SB323ER) · upper
38. Mar 30, 2026 Signed by President · upper
39. Mar 31, 2026 Signed by Speaker · lower
40. Mar 31, 2026 Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 31, 2026 · upper
41. Mar 31, 2026 Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 13, 2026 · executive
42. Apr 1, 2026 Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB323) · upper
43. Apr 10, 2026 Approved by Governor-Chapter532 (Effective -see bill) · executive
44. Apr 10, 2026 Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0532) · executive

The published texts of this bill as it moves through the legislature. Each links to the official document on the state legislature site. Data from OpenStates.

• Chaptered · PDF
• Chaptered · HTML
• Enrolled · PDF
• Enrolled · HTML
• Conference Report · HTML
• Public Safety Substitute · PDF
• Public Safety Substitute · HTML
• Introduced · PDF
• Introduced · HTML