HR 4280

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IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

July 2, 2025

Mr. Fitzpatrick (for himself and Mr. Golden of Maine) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Ways and Means

A BILL

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to make permanent certain expiring income tax rates and to establish a new top income tax rate.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the “Bipartisan Tax Fairness Act of 2025”.

SEC. 2. MODIFICATION OF INCOME TAX RATES.

(a) Married Individuals Filing Joint Returns and Surviving Spouses.—Section 1(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking the table contained therein and inserting the following:

“If taxable income is: The tax is: Not over $19,050..................... 10% of taxable income. Over $19,050 but not over $77,400.... $1,905, plus 12% of the excess over $19,050. Over $77,400 but not over $165,000... $8,907, plus 22% of the excess over $77,400. Over $165,000 but not over $315,000.. $28,179, plus 24% of the excess over $165,000. Over $315,000 but not over $400,000.. $64,179, plus 32% of the excess over $315,000. Over $400,000 but not over $600,000.. $91,379, plus 35% of the excess over $400,000. Over $600,000 but not over $2,000,000 $161,379, plus 37% of the excess over $600,000. Over $2,000,000...................... $679,379, plus 39.6% of the excess over $2,000,000”.

(b) Heads of Households.—Section 1(b) of such Code is amended by striking the table contained therein and inserting the following:

“If taxable income is: The tax is: Not over $13,600..................... 10% of taxable income. Over $13,600 but not over $51,800.... $1,360, plus 12% of the excess over $13,600. Over $51,800 but not over $82,500.... $5,944, plus 22% of the excess over $51,800. Over $82,500 but not over $157,500... $12,698, plus 24% of the excess over $82,500. Over $157,500 but not over $200,000.. $30,698, plus 32% of the excess over $157,500. Over $200,000 but not over $500,000.. $44,298, plus 35% of the excess over $200,000. Over $500,000 but not over $1,000,000 $149,298, plus 37% of the excess over $500,000. Over $1,000,000...................... $334,298, plus 39.6% of the excess over $1,000,000”.

(c) Unmarried Individuals Other Than Surviving Spouses and Heads of Households.—Section 1(c) of such Code is amended by striking the table contained therein and inserting the following:

“If taxable income is: The tax is: Not over $9,525...................... 10% of taxable income. Over $9,525 but not over $38,700..... $952.50, plus 12% of the excess over $9,525. Over $38,700 but not over $82,500.... $4,453.50, plus 22% of the excess over $38,700. Over $82,500 but not over $157,500... $14,089.50, plus 24% of the excess over $82,500. Over $157,500 but not over $200,000.. $32,089.50, plus 32% of the excess over $157,500. Over $200,000 but not over $500,000.. $45,689.50, plus 35% of the excess over $200,000. Over $500,000 but not over $1,000,000 $150,689.50, plus 37% of the excess over $500,000. Over $1,000,000...................... $335,698.50, plus 39.6% of the excess over $1,000,000”.

(d) Married Individuals Filing Separate Returns.—Section 1(d) of such Code is amended by striking the table contained therein and inserting the following:

“If taxable income is: The tax is: Not over $9,525...................... 10% of taxable income. Over $9,525 but not over $38,700..... $952.50, plus 12% of the excess over $9,525. Over $38,700 but not over $82,500.... $4,453.50, plus 22% of the excess over $38,700. Over $82,500 but not over $157,500... $14,089.50, plus 24% of the excess over $82,500. Over $157,500 but not over $200,000.. $32,089.50, plus 32% of the excess over $157,500. Over $200,000 but not over $300,000.. $45,689.50, plus 35% of the excess over $200,000. Over $300,000 but not over $1,000,000 $80,689.50, plus 37% of the excess over $300,000. Over $1,000,000...................... $339,689.50, plus 39.6% of the excess over $1,000,000”.

(e) Estates and Trusts.—Section 1(e) of such Code is amended by striking the table contained therein and inserting the following:

“If taxable income is: The tax is: Not over $2,550...................... 10% of taxable income. Over $2,550 but not over $9,150...... $255, plus 24% of the excess over $2,550. Over $9,150 but not over $12,500..... $1,839, plus 35% of the excess over $9,150. Over $12,500......................... $3,011.50, plus 37% of the excess over $12,500.”.

(f) Inflation Adjustments.—Section 1(f) of such Code is amended—

(1) by amending paragraph (2)(A) to read as follows:

“(A) by increasing the minimum and maximum dollar amounts for each bracket for which a tax is imposed under such table by the cost-of-living adjustment for such calendar year, determined under this subsection for such calendar year by substituting ‘2017’ for ‘2016’ in paragraph (3)(A)(ii),”,

(2) by amending paragraph (7) to read as follows:

“(7) Rounding.—

“(A) In general.—Except as provided in subparagraph (B), if any increase determined under paragraph (2)(A) is not a multiple of $25, such increase shall be rounded to the next lowest multiple of $25.

“(B) Joint returns, etc.—In the case of a table prescribed under subsection (a), subparagraph (A) shall be applied by substituting ‘$50’ for ‘$25’ both places it appears.”,

(3) by striking paragraph (8), and

(4) in the heading, by striking “Phaseout of Marriage Penalty in 15-percent Bracket; Adjustments” and inserting “Adjustments”.

(g) Conforming Amendments.—

(1) Section 1 of such Code is amended by striking subsections (i) and (j).

(2) Section 3402(q)(1) of such Code is amended by striking “third lowest” and inserting “fourth lowest”.

(h) Effective Date.—

(1) In general.—The amendments made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2025.

(2) Application of section 15.—Section 15 of such Code shall not apply to any change in a rate of tax by reason of—

(A) section 1(j) of such Code (as in effect before its repeal by this section), or

(B) any amendment made by this section. <all>